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flinch - To make a quick, nervous movement of the face or body as an instinctive reaction to surprise, fear or pain

Debbie was very brave and didn’t flinch when the nurse put the needle in her arm to give her the flu shot.

adjective

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traumatic - Causing severe and lasting emotional shock and pain.

Bill survived the hurricane at sea on his fishing boat, but it took years for him to recover emotionally from the traumatic experience.

noun

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ordeal - A painful or horrific experience, especially a protracted one

Knowing it was a fight to the death, the gladiator realized that this was an ordeal he would have to overcome if he wanted to survive.

verb

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degenerate - To decline or deteriorate physically, mentally, or morally

After Bill started taking drugs, his life went downhill until his his relationships, health, and finances had totally degenerated.

noun

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agony - Extreme physical or mental suffering

Max was in physical agony as he rode his bicycle up the long mountain trail, but spiritually and emotionally he was in heaven.

noun

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pang - A sudden sharp pain or painful emotion

The year was 1900, and Dmitri felt a pang of nostalgia and regret as he boarded the boat for America, knowing that he would probably never see his 'old world' again.

adjective

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grueling - Extremely tiring and demanding

Troops go through grueling training before they can finally serve their country.

adjective

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impoverished - Very poor.

We can hardly imagine how impoverished the average person was during the Middle Ages.

noun

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cramps - A painful, involuntary contraction of muscles

When Sharon got cramps in her stomach after eating the fish, she suspected that it may have been spoiled.

noun

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anguish - Severe mental or physical pain or suffering

With her personal and professional life in disarray, Jenny's anguish was often too much for her to bear.

noun

See verb

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exile - The state of being banned or forced to live away from one's native country, often for political reasons.

After the revolution, the king lived in exile in a foreign land.

noun

See verb

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burden - something you carry or withstand with much difficulty.

Financial debt can be a huge burden on families.